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KMID : 1124020030190020063
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Korean Social Security Studies
2003 Volume.19 No. 2 p.63 ~ p.95
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The Reform Strategies of the Pension-Splitting System for the Old-age Income Security of the divorced Women
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Lee Jung-Woo
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Abstract
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The so-called new life-style is widely accepted by the nation which pursues the individualistic and independent character of human-beings. However, as a negative aspect of this phenomenon the family relationship become more and more fragile and the cases of divorcement have increased rapidly.
For securing old-age income for the divorced women the Pension-Splitting System has been introduced since 1999 as a component of the National Pension Scheme. The system has institutionalized with the purpose that in case of divorcement the couple should divide the pension right equally which was acquired during the marriage years.
Despite of the contribution for the income security of the women the Pension-Splitting system has been since its introduction an object of criticism especially from many social (especially women´s) organizations and thus been a persistent agenda in academical and political debate. The main points for criticism can be summarized as follows:
-The division of pension right does not take place immediately at the time of divorcement, but later at the time that each couple reaches the pensionable age(60 years). Sometime this leads to the negative results that the pension-division right of the women will not be realized if the divorced spouse is disabled or dead on the course of coverage.
-The payment of pension which was acquired from the division of pension should be ceased in case of remarriage.
The main principles for searching the reform strategy of the Pension-Splitting system are as follows: the endowment of equal economic value against the role division between the couple, guaranteeing economic independence after divorcement and the financial neutrality of the pension system.
Under this principles this study has suggested the following proposals:
The division of pension should be completed at the time of divorcement
- The pension right which was acquired from the divorced spouse must be treated as a individual pension, not as a derived pension. Furthermore the institutional arrangements should be developed in order that both individuals can, after divorcement, acquire enough pension to prevent the poverty and secure the income standard in old age.
- The pension credit system for the child-rearing activities should be introduced. And it must be included as an object of the pension division.
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